Mammogram Screening for First-Time Patients
A mammogram is one of the most effective tools for the early detection of breast cancer, and if cancer is found, early detection greatly increases the chances of successful treatment.
By taking the time for a mammogram, you are taking a proactive step in your health and protecting yourself and your family from a more serious diagnosis and treatment.
Being well-informed about what to expect before your mammogram appointment will help make it a seamless experience, ease your anxieties, and help you be as comfortable as possible.
Here's everything you need to know before your first mammogram.
How to Prepare for Your First Mammogram
Your doctor or imaging center will have the best advice on when and where to schedule your mammogram, what you need to bring, and how to prepare on the day of the appointment. Preparing for your first mammogram can feel overwhelming, but a few simple steps can make the process easier.
- Pick timing intentionally: If you menstruate, schedule about a week after your period, when breasts are usually less tender.
- Skip products that day: Do not use deodorant, antiperspirant, lotions, creams, or powders on the chest/underarms. Some products contain substances that can interfere with results.
- Wear a two-piece outfit: You’ll remove your top and bra for the exam.
- Bring prior imaging: If you’ve had mammograms elsewhere, share the images/reports so the radiologist can compare.
- Tell your team about symptoms: Mention any new breast changes, pain, or concerns when you arrive.
- If at higher risk: Ask your clinician whether additional views or MRI are recommended for your first visit.
What to Expect at Your First Mammogram
Your first mammogram can feel unfamiliar, but knowing the steps ahead of time makes the experience much easier. A mammogram usually takes about 15–20 minutes, with each image lasting only a few seconds.
Here’s what to expect when you arrive:
- Check-in and change: You’ll change into a gown and remove clothing from the waist up.
- Positioning: A technologist helps position each breast on the imaging plate.
- Quick compression: The breast is gently compressed for a few seconds so the image is clear. This part can feel uncomfortable but should not last long.
- Multiple views: Each breast is imaged from a few angles, especially during a first mammogram, so the radiologist has a complete baseline.
- Results process: Images are reviewed by a radiologist and sent to your clinician, who will share the results and next steps.
Breast Cancer Awareness and Prevention
What to Expect After Your Mammogram Appointment
- Results: Most people receive results within a few weeks. Ask your health care team when and how you can expect to get your results, and if a doctor will review them with you.
Next steps:
- If results are normal, you'll schedule your next mammogram, usually in the next 1-2 years, depending on your doctor's recommendations.
- If images aren't clear or show an abnormality, your doctor may recommend more tests.
Important to know:
- An abnormal result does not always mean cancer.
- Fewer than 1 in 10 people who get called back for more tests are diagnosed with cancer.
- Callbacks are more common after a first mammogram or before menopause because there are no prior images to compare.
How Often Do I Need a Mammogram?
How often you need a screening depends on your risk level:
- Average risk: Most providers recommend annual mammograms starting at age 40, though some may suggest every other year.
- High risk: If you have a strong family history, known genetic mutations (like BRCA1 or BRCA2), prior chest radiation, or certain breast conditions, you may need to start screening earlier and more often.
Additional Imaging
If you have dense breast tissue, a family history of breast or ovarian cancer, have received abnormal mammogram results previously, or have a known genetic risk, your doctor may recommend:
- Breast MRI for a more detailed image
- Ultrasound to evaluate specific areas
- 3D mammography or Tomosynthesis for clearer images in dense tissue
What Type of Doctor Should I See for My Mammogram?
Your primary care physician or gynecologist can help you schedule a mammogram or refer you to a specialist. A radiologist is typically the medical professional who will perform and read the mammogram, but your primary care doctor or gynecologist will be the one to discuss the results with you.
Not Sure Where to Start?
If you're turning 40 or may need to start screening earlier, talk with your doctor who can coordinate your plan.
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Health Screenings in Your 30s and 40s
Your 30s and 40s are the perfect time to update your preventive care, so ask your clinician about mammograms, breast exams, cervical screenings, and essential checks for blood pressure, cholesterol, and diabetes. Don't forget to also review recommended vaccinations, including flu and COVID-19, to keep your health on track.